There are several types of bunion surgery, also known as bunionectomy, depending on the severity of the deformity and the patient’s specific condition. Each bunion surgery type focuses on realigning the bones, ligaments, and tendons of the big toe to relieve pain and restore normal foot function.
Here are the main bunion surgery types commonly performed:
Osteotomy:
This is one of the most common types of bunion surgery. The surgeon cuts and realigns the bone of the big toe joint. Small screws or plates are used to hold the bone in the correct position. Osteotomy is typically used for mild to moderate bunions.
Exostectomy (Bunionectomy):
In this bunion surgery type, the surgeon removes the bony bump (the bunion) from the side of the big toe joint. It is often combined with other surgical techniques to correct bone alignment.
Arthrodesis:
Arthrodesis is recommended for severe or arthritic bunions. In this procedure, the surgeon removes the damaged joint surfaces and fuses the bones together. This type of bunion surgery helps reduce pain but limits movement in the affected joint.
Lapidus Procedure:
This type of bunion surgery involves fusing the first metatarsal bone with the midfoot bone. It’s ideal for patients with hypermobility or severe bunion deformities, offering long-term stability.
Minimally Invasive Bunion Surgery:
This modern bunion surgery type uses smaller incisions and specialized instruments to correct the bunion with less tissue damage. Patients often experience faster recovery and minimal scarring.
Each type of bunion surgery has its own recovery time, benefits, and suitability based on the patient’s age, activity level, and bunion severity. Consulting with a foot and ankle specialist is essential to determine which bunion surgery type is best for you.